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Those Who Speak Shouldn't Be Punished While Those Who Listen Should Take Warning
無論意見是否正確，說的人沒有罪責(zé)，而聽的人足以獲得警示。上到國家治理，下至組織、企業(yè)管理，執(zhí)政者與管理者若要保障國家或組織、企業(yè)的良好運(yùn)行，就必須充分了解下面的實(shí)際情況和群眾意愿，調(diào)動各方面力量，發(fā)揮各方面作用。為此，必須造成一種健康和諧的人際環(huán)境，讓人們暢所欲言，以便從各種言論中汲取有價(jià)值的意見。即便群眾或下屬所提意見不正確，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者也不應(yīng)責(zé)難，而要引以為戒。其中隱含言論自由的思想和寬容精神。
Whether their opinions are correct or not, people who speak their minds should not be penalized and their messages should not be lost on their listeners. The term implies freedom of speech and a tolerant attitude towards criticism. To ensure proper governance and operation of a country, an organization, or a company, those in power and in management should have a good understanding of the situation on the ground as well as people's needs and wishes, so as to mobilize all the segments of the society to play their roles. The way to achieve such a result is to create healthy and harmonious relationships among people and let them speak their minds without fear so those in power can benefit from their various opinions and valuable insights. Even when the criticism from the general public or one's subordinates is not fully justified, those in leading positions should take warning rather than condemn the critics.
引例 Citations：
◎上以風(fēng)化下，下以風(fēng)刺上，主文而譎諫，言之者無罪，聞之者足以戒。（《毛詩序》）
執(zhí)政者用風(fēng)詩教化百姓，百姓也用風(fēng)詩譏刺執(zhí)政者，用富于文采的詩歌對執(zhí)政者含蓄委婉地進(jìn)行勸諷，歌詠的人不會因此獲罪，聽聞詩歌的人足以引起警誡。
Rulers use feng (ballads) to cultivate the people and the people use them to ridicule the rulers. So long as a critic advises the monarch mildly and through beautiful poetry, he will not be found guilty and the monarch he criticizes will become more careful in making decisions. (Preface to Mao's Version of The Book of Songs)
◎言者無罪，聞?wù)咦憬洹Ｑ哉呗務(wù)?，莫不兩盡其心焉。（白居易《與元九書》）
說的人沒有罪責(zé)，聽的人引以為戒。說者和聽者雙方都一心想著把事情做好。
Those who speak their minds are not punished while those who listen should take warning. Both speakers and listeners only want to get things done in a satisfactory way. (Bai Juyi: Letter to Yuan Zhen)
推薦：教育部 國家語委
供稿：北京外國語大學(xué) 外語教學(xué)與研究出版社
責(zé)任編輯：錢耐安
