灑脫不羈，真率自然。是唐代司空圖提出的二十四種詩歌風(fēng)格之一，也是非常重要的古典美學(xué)范疇。“疏野”所反映的實際是詩歌創(chuàng)作中的一種“無心”狀態(tài)，即任由本心本性與外物遇合，不從主觀情志出發(fā)，不刻意選擇外在景觀與素材，不刻意運用某種手法、技巧，不精雕細刻、反復(fù)推敲。為文如為人，灑脫不羈，率真豁達，質(zhì)樸自然。作為一種詩歌風(fēng)格和創(chuàng)作心態(tài)，“疏野”并非任性、隨意和沒有章法，而是力求擺脫先入為主的觀念甚至是潛意識影響，但是前理解結(jié)構(gòu)、審美經(jīng)驗積累等依然會對創(chuàng)作起一定作用。它不僅代表一種自然天成、沖淡疏曠的美學(xué)風(fēng)格，還表現(xiàn)了一種胸懷萬物而又超然物外的生存狀態(tài)與人生境界。

This term refers to one of the twenty-four styles of poetry as propounded by Sikong Tu of the Tang Dynasty and falls into a very important classic aesthetic category. An unrestrained and ingenuous spirit reflects a state of "carelessness" in poetic creation, whereby the poet allows his inner self to encounter external things without constraint. It does not proceed from the poet's subjective feelings and aspirations nor does it choose any particular scenery and subject matter. It neither shows favor to any particular technique or means of expression, nor does it pay undue attention to wording. It encourages the poet to write just as freely, spontaneously, and naturally as he behaves in real life. As a poetic style and a creative mindset, an unrestrained and ingenuous spirit does not mean arbitrariness, petulance or lack of method. Instead, it aims to shake off the influence of any preconceived idea or subconscious thought, yet respect prior cognitive and aesthetic experience. It represents not only a natural, quietly elegant, and unrestrained aesthetic style, but also a magnanimous mind and an elevated state of being.

引例 Citation：

◎情性疏野曰閑。（釋皎然《詩式·辯體有一十九字》）

詩歌表現(xiàn)詩人灑脫不羈、率真自然的性情，這被稱為“閑”。

When a poet demonstrates a free and ingenuous spirit, he writes in a relaxing style. (Shi Jiaoran: The Theory of Poetry)

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供稿：北京外國語大學(xué) 外語教學(xué)與研究出版社

責(zé)任編輯：錢耐安