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至高的快樂是內(nèi)心祥和而超越樂與不樂的判斷。莊子認(rèn)為，快樂應(yīng)該依從于自己的本心，如果以世俗觀念為判斷依據(jù)，可能會背離生命的本質(zhì)；如果為情感和欲望所驅(qū)使，可能會伴隨失落與傷害?？鞓放c否的判斷實際上源于對利害得失的判斷，而利害得失是相對的、可變的，因此，忘卻得失利害、沒有了快樂意念才是“至樂”的境界?！爸翗窡o樂”說體現(xiàn)出中國古代文人學(xué)士通達(dá)的心性、自由多元的人生價值觀，激發(fā)了他們反思、批判與超越的精神。
Utmost happiness is an inner peace that transcends any judgment as to whether we are happy or not. Zhuangzi held that happiness should be dictated solely by the heart. If we measure happiness against a worldly criterion, we may lose sight of life's essential purpose. If we are driven by emotions and base desires, harm and loss may be the result. Our happiness in fact depends on our judgment of loss or gain. However, loss or gain is relative and subject to change. Only when we totally forget this question can we attain utmost happiness. This term reflects the spiritual magnanimity and the open, pluralistic worldview of ancient Chinese scholars, while urging them to greater effort at self-reflection, criticism, and transcendence.
引例 Citations：
◎果有樂無有哉？吾以無為誠樂矣，又俗之所大苦也。故曰：“至樂無樂，至譽(yù)無譽(yù)?！保ā肚f子·至樂》）
世間果真是存在快樂呢，還是不存在呢？我認(rèn)為沒有快樂與不快樂的意識才是真正的快樂，而這又是世人為之大感苦惱的事情。所以說：“至高的快樂是無需感到快樂，最高的榮譽(yù)是無需眾人贊譽(yù)?！?/p>
Is there happiness or not in this world of ours? My belief is that utmost happiness lies in not even being aware of it. However, this very thought is exactly what agonizes us all. Hence the maxim: "Utmost happiness is when we do not strive for it, and highest praise consists in having no need for praise." (Zhuangzi)
◎孔子曰：“請問游是？”老聃曰：“夫得是，至美至樂也，得至美而游乎至樂，謂之至人?！保ā肚f子·田子方》）
孔子說：“請問游心于萬物的本原狀態(tài)是怎樣的情景？”老聃說：“達(dá)到這樣的境界，就領(lǐng)略到極致的美，暢游于極致的快樂中，達(dá)到這種人生境界的人就稱為‘至人’?！?/p>
When Confucius asked: "When the heart roams free between heaven and earth, what will the scene look like?" Laozi answered: "Once a person has reached that realm, he will be able to savor beauty at its best and bask in extreme happiness. Such a person is known as a 'man of the highest order.'" (Zhuangzi)
推薦：教育部 國家語委
供稿：北京外國語大學(xué) 外語教學(xué)與研究出版社
責(zé)任編輯：錢耐安
